Systematic review on plants of northeast India with potent antidiabetic activity: a comprehensive analysis
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a global health concern with increasing prevalence. Medicinal plants have been traditionally used for diabetes management, and Northeast India is known for its rich biodiversity and traditional knowledge. This systematic review aims to comprehensively analyze the plants in Northeast India with potent antidiabetic activity. Methods: A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published between 2000 and 2019. Studies investigating the antidiabetic potential of plants from Northeast India were included. Data extraction and synthesis were performed, focusing on plant species, traditional medicinal uses, mechanisms of action, and bioactive compounds. Results: A total of 47 studies meet the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The commonly studied plants with potent antidiabetic activity in Northeast India included Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), Jamun (Syzygium cumini), Gurmar (Gymnema sylvestre), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Bael (Aegle marmelos), and Amla (Phyllanthus emblica). These plants exhibited various mechanisms of action, such as enhanced insulin secretion, improved glucose uptake, and protection of pancreatic beta cells. Additionally, several other plant species, including Clerodendrum colebrookianum, Ficus racemosa, Ziziphus jujuba, Alpinia galanga, and Justicia adhatoda, demonstrated promising antidiabetic properties. Conclusion: This systematic review provides a comprehensive analysis of plants in Northeast India with potent antidiabetic activity. The findings highlight the potential of commonly studied plants like Bitter gourd, Jamun, Gurmar, Turmeric, Bael, and Amla, while also identifying lesser-known plant species with promising antidiabetic properties. Further research, including phytochemical analysis and clinical trials, is needed to validate the efficacy, safety, and optimal usage of these plants in diabetes management.
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